The trouble with sigma.
3 declension sigma stem attic greek.
A dash with nothing following indicates an unmarked inflection that is a bare stem.
As noted in our discussion of masculine nouns two of the case endings involve adding a sigma to the stem.
Note that the first stem ἐλπιδ ends in a.
As we saw in our discussion of the attic future an intervocalic sigma i e a σ found between two vowels often drops out and the surrounding vowels contract.
ς dat.
After ε ι or ρ in attic and koine greek when a first declension noun has a stem ending in ε ι or ρ ᾱ appears instead of η in all cases in the singular e g.
It is just a difference in pronunciation.
The declension of ancient greek nouns often differed between dialects.
Notice that two of the case endings involve adding a sigma to the stem.
The third declension is the ancient greek reflex of the proto indo european pie consonant declension.
Stems ending in εσ as we saw in our discussion of the attic future an intervocalic sigma i e a σ found between two vowels often drops out and the surrounding vowels contract.
Let us take a look at the sound changes that occur when these sigmas are added to the stems for two feminine nouns.
Attic greek is the greek dialect of the ancient city state of athens of the ancient dialects it is the most similar to later greek and is the standard form of the language that is studied in ancient greek language courses attic greek is sometimes included in the ionic dialect together attic and ionic are the primary influences on modern greek.
The trouble with sigma.
While wiktionary gives declension in the attic dialect by default it is often useful to know how a word was inflected in dialects other than attic.
Dental plosive stems masc.
Nouns of this type are usually neuter.
These contract futures are sometimes called attic futures because this type of contraction happens much more regularly in classical greek than in other greek dialects including koine s 538 539.
Nouns of this type are usually neuter.
οἰκίᾱ building house χώρᾱ land place.
This process often occurs in 3rd declension noun stems ending in εσ once personal endings are added.
Euboean proper names are frequently declined as consonant stems in ις ιδος as in attic.
This change has no meaning.
Nominative singular ς dative plural σι.
Stems ending in εσ.
The set of nouns we are discussing have stems ending in a dental recall that the dental stop consonants are τ δ θ and the dental nasal is ν at this moment it would be good to review some alphabet math so that we can see what.
